Thales was the First Recorded Philosopher from Miletus

Thinkers within the realm of philosophy possessed a different train of thought that allowed them to make massive discoveries. Thales is regarded as the first recorded philosopher from Miletus. He believed reality was defined by water. Water rests on earth, reflects objects, and conforms to the shape of other objects. During what we call the ancient period, 600-300 BCE, communities lived by water supplies. Water is necessary to have the ability to obtain other means of survival. As opposed to referring to religion, Thales rejected the concept of Gods on Mount Olympus. The reality beyond mythology for Thales relied on the basis of water. Thales touched base with the concept of knowledge through observing and perceiving the way water functioned around him. Opposed to Thales, Anaximander perceived reality to be apeiron. Apeiron is defined as the indefinite. Anaximander believed the origin (arkhe) of reality to be divine and eternal while containing and guiding all within it. For him, water was too â€Å"concrete† of an object to be divine. In addition, remaining opposite elements triumphs water. Anaximander reasoned even if water were reality, it lacks in areas that makes it unable to be divine. Apeiron is an indefinite reality that is beyond the fixed matters on Earth. Anaximenes rejected this theory. In turn he contradicted that physics translated into objects surrounding us. The concept of aer does not refer to the air we breath rather a thick mist containing two processes:Show MoreRelatedEssay on Philosophy1146 Words   |  5 Pagesthat everything isn’t exactly what it appears to be. Philosophy started in the town of Miletus, many early philosophers came from here. The philosophers started their work around 585 B.C. Thales, one of the early Miletus philosophers, left no writings behind, all we know about him is memorable incidents recorded by later writers. He lived between 624 and 546 B.C. His unique contributions to thought was he believed that even though there are differences between various things there is a basicRead MoreThe History of Physics Essay1534 Words   |  7 Pagesorigins of the modern science that we now refer to as â€Å"physics,† we must begin with the origin of the term itself. Taken from the Greek word â€Å"physika† meaning growth or nature, physics most obviously began as the intelligent study of the human environment (Webster 393). From superstition and religious practices, the foundation of all other sciences was born. These concepts have subsequently grown into what we regard today as physics. It can be easily argued that the earliestRead MoreQuestions On The Origins Of Philosophy1760 Words   |  8 Pagesit; is when a new philosophy is discovered. The first recorded philosopher came about early on in the sixth century B.C.E. His name was Thales of Miletus or what is now Turkey. The first three philosophers, Thales, Anaximander, and Anaximenes, are known as the Milesians because they all came from the Greek colony of Miletus on the Persian coast and because they constitute the first school of philosophy. (Pg. 24) However, little is known about Thales due to the fact, there weren’t any pieces of literatureRead MoreThe Origins Of The Origin Of Philosophy1752 Words   |  8 Pagesit; is when a new philosophy is discovered. The first recorded philosopher came about early on in the sixth century B.C.E. His name was Thales of Miletus or what is now Turkey. The first three philosophers, Thales, Anaximander, and Anaximenes, are known as the Milesians because they all came from the Greek colony of Miletus on the Persian coast and because they constitute the first school of philosophy. (Pg. 24) However, little is known about Thales due to the fact, there weren’t any pieces of literatureRead MoreMr.Jlgibson1096 Words   |  5 Pagesthat we turn to when we have the need to seek out a guiding principle for our lives. Therefore, philosophy holds a prominent place in society and in the world. Basically, everyone is a philosopher, but it takes the creative genius and reasoning of brilliant thinkers to bring about earth-shattering concepts. Like Thales,Socrates,Plato and Aristotle to name a few. What are the origins of Philosophy? Philosophy started when human beings started to ask questions, about how and what things are actuallyRead MoreThe Ancient Inventions Of The Future994 Words   |  4 Pagesof the future Socrates was one of the greatest philosophers of the ancient world. His teachings inspired young philosophers to go and explore the world. In addition, His Knowledge even influenced boundless minds like Plato, who help make gigantic pushes in geometry. Or Aristotle, who mad giant leaps in astronomy (also made a theory that the earth was round in about 384 B. C.). therefore, a new era of philosophy was inaugurated and the course of western civilization was decisively shaped. ModernRead MoreThe Historical Inquiry Of The Greek World1576 Words   |  7 Pagesopened up an intellectual revolution of energy. The sixth century B.C. was the beginning it this revolution with Thales of Miletus and continued with other philosophers (Breisach, 2007). The New Greek philosophers pursed the basic substance from which all things known in the universe was made up of. Historical writing was beginning written as poems by the philosophers. Writing poems in a historical approach had the philosophers ex ploring the mystery of the cosmos instead of the common problems ofRead MoreHummanities 3991 Essay2106 Words   |  9 Pagescontribution did Thales make to the development of science? Thales of Miletus (c. 624 BC – c. 546 BC) was said to be the first known scientific thinker. Thales was both important and extremely influential. He wanted an explanation without turning to supernatural powers. Thales attempted to explain natural phenomena without reference to mythology. Other philosophers admired his way of thinking and followed him in attempting to explain substance change, and the existence of the world. Thales had two strongRead MorePhilosophy in Ancient Greece3782 Words   |  16 Pagesbecome a philosopher.† – Socrates, Greek philosopher Socrates, like many of the greatest minds in history, was rather different from others in his time. In the quote above, we catch a glimpse of his genius in his likening of an unhappily married man to that of a philosopher. The implication is indirect but obvious enough: when life becomes rife with problems, it forces the common man(or woman) to sit down and think. While thinking has been in mankind’s repertoire of abilities since we first evolvedRead MoreOutline of Ancient Greece Society and Culture1833 Words   |  7 PagesThey lived in leisure Metics (Middle Class) †¢ Largely non-citizen working class Periokoi (Lower Class) †¢ Mostly freedmen who at one point had been slaves †¢ Usually not citizens †¢ Ceramic Industry owned by the middle class †¢ Made sure the navy fleet was maintained Slaves †¢ Rescued infants †¢ prisoners of war †¢ criminals †¢ victims of slave raids †¢ Very few Greek slaves †¢ Slaves were whipped when they misbehaved †¢ Most people were kind to their slaves Roles of men †¢ Men were in charge of the family or

Case Study Human Resource Management - 1398 Words

MGT509 Human Resource Management Module 4 CASE – Total Rewards; Employee Labor Relations; Global HR Trident University International Dr. Paul White Antoinette Gibson January 28, 2016 Total Rewards Within every organization there is some kind of pay plan or salary rates and plans for which employees fall within what grades. As well as those salary figures, many of the bigger companies have instituted bonus plans or incentives for their employees after a being with the company for a certain amount of time. These are things that are pretty common to us in society today. With that, today throughout this short paper I would like to take a moment to highlight was broad banding is, share the bonus system within the King Company and highlight FMLA versus the King companies leave policies. Then I will discuss King’s time off policy. Finally I will briefly discuss this issues with one of the employee who was mistakenly terminated for taking leave within the company. An unfortunate, situation that I conclude was possibly an issue of attention to detail. Broad banding According to research, broad banding refers to where the numbers of salary grades are consolidated into fewer, but broader, pay ranges (Kovac 2006). In broad banding, the spread of the pay ranges is wider and there is less overlap with the other pay ranges. Broad banding came about because organizations wanted to flatten their hierarchies and move decision-making closer to the point where necessity andShow MoreRelatedCase Study : Human Resource Management1606 Words   |  7 Pagesfacing significant challenges with negative cash flows and a high turnover of staff despite implementing an â€Å"All Star† human resource management (HRM) change in September 2010. Twyla Thompson, the VP of spa operations and the other business executives must revisit this concept so they can attempt to stem the cash flow and staff turnover problems. This essay will analyse the case study provided from Harvard Business on ARISE and explore and recommend potential HRM options for Thompson and the businessRead MoreHuman Resources Management– Case Study1421 Words   |  6 PagesHuman Resources Management– Case Study Human resource management refers to a series of human resources policies and the corresponding management activities. These activities include corporate human resources strategy, employee recruitment and selection, training and development, performance management, compensation management, staff flow management, employee relationship management, employee safety and health management, etc. Namely: enterprise modern management method, is used to obtain (candidate)Read MoreCase Study : Human Resource Management1446 Words   |  6 PagesSUMMARY: Human Resource Management is one of the most important management tool in developing strategy s and gaining comparative advantage (Bearmont1992) .In multinational company`s HRM is a key to success.This case study is to analyze the problems faced by MR Quin CEO of Australian medium sized mining company.Exploring problems such as ,Human Resource Management ,recruitment, selection ,reward, retention culture, selection and communication.This case study analyses the Human Resource as the coreRead MoreHuman Resource Management Case Study833 Words   |  4 Pages ! ~ , , . I University Examinations 2011/2012 EXAMINATION FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION HCEB 602: HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT TIME: 3 HOURS INSTRUCTIONS: ANSWER QUESTION ONE (COMPULSORy) AND ANY OTHER TWO QUESTIONS QUESTION ONE :CASE STUDY As a new member of the Board of Directors for a local bank, Jack Nelson was being introduced to all the employees in the home office. When he was introduced to Ruth Johnson,Read MoreHuman Resource Management: A Case Study618 Words   |  3 PagesThe principle factor that is causing the majority of the problems in the banks home office and its respective branches is a surplus of autonomy. After reading Jack Nelsons bank study, it is apparent that the centralized authority within this organization (as represented by its home office) needs to be strengthened. Its situation is somewhat parallel to that of the United States just after the Revolutionary War when it adopted the Articles of Confederation which gave the states to much individualRead MoreCase Study : Human Resources Management2998 Words   |  12 Pages Human Resources Management Part A 1.0 Introduction Many people across the globe prefer to travel with airlines that offer little fare. As a result, a significant number of airlines have adopted a low-cost strategy, and some of them have been very successful. In developed markets such as Europe, low cost airlines have a competitive advantage over premium airlines in that the premium airlines are unable to lower the operating expenses to a point where they can remain profitable at low fares.RyanairRead MoreHuman Resource Management : Case Study Essay1517 Words   |  7 Pages HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ASSESMENT 2 â€Æ' Table of Contents External sources of Recruitment 2 Online recruiting channel 2 Employment agencies 2 Advertisements 2 Short Listing Grid 3 Selection Process Methods 5 Employee interviews 5 Selection tests: 5 Pre-Employment Selection process methods 6 Personality and talent assessment tests 6 Dope tests 7 Foundation and credit checks 7 Enthusiastic insight test 7 External sources of Recruitment Online recruitingRead MoreCase Study : Human Resource Management1723 Words   |  7 PagesCatapult’s issues, and implement strategies to fix them. This report will look at human resource management (HRM), strategic management, competitive advantage, analysis using SWOT and PEST, and Porter’s five forces analysis and generic strategies in the context of Catapult and the surrounding ISP industry in New Zealand. Human Resource Management As explained by Macky and Johnson, the aim of human resource management is to â€Å"attract and select the people needed to get work done, motivate them to applyRead MoreCase Study : International Human Resource Management Essay1448 Words   |  6 PagesCase study Introduction The case study tells about the future profitable growth of the Padi- cepat a Malaysian company. The company has instant food, beverages and baking products business. In this company have different technologies for marketing strategies. Judgment is needed to identify the growth of the company so they look after the PBIT. In the time of 1990s they provide expansion opportunities Malaysian company pedi-cepat planned export offices in India, Singapore and Japan bit it failsRead MoreCase Study : Cultural Human Resource Management1361 Words   |  6 PagesA case study of cross- cultural human resource management Introduction Cultural issues in business are a phenomenon born by globalization of the market where companies invest in a foreign country to bring the culture of the host country and the company’s culture into contact. The market today is defined by global market that permits sharing of customers worldwide. However, during fierce competition, the market winners become the companies that who understand the Chinese culture. Therefore, cultural

Duke Ellington free essay sample

Duke Longtime definitely stands in my mind as one of the more important and productive musicians of this century. One of the firstblack band leaders, and one of the most innovative, the Duke wrote music of all types and styles from solo jazz piano pieces to 16 piece pop songs to symphony orchestra pieces. His wide range of composing styles is seen in his collaborations with prominent performers, two of which are John Coloration and Frank Sinatra. He was born in 1899 in Washington, D. C. , and came to Harlem In 1922.HIS composing Tyler at the time contrasted deeply with that of two of his contemporaries, Fletcher Henderson and Don Redden. While they were developing the stereotypical big band style of Brass vs.. Winds vs. . Rhythm, the Duke attempted to blend and mix the three sections and help them to work together as much as possible to speak to the masses. He also tried to convey too two most prominent emotions of the young black man In the early 20th century Harlem, known as oddly and hallway. Duke Ellington composed over 1,000 compositions right up until the day he died, May 24, 1974. Although Ellington was known as a huge figure in Jazz, his music spanned beyond the Jazz genre; it stretched into blues, gospel, popular, classical and film scores. Through his efforts and achievements, he has made Jazz more accepted as an art form and genre. Ellington had received 12 Grammy awards from 1959 to 2000. These awards were granted in the categories of Jazz, Big Band and composing; three of the awards were posthumous. Ellington has several famous quotes such as, â€Å"There is nothing to keeping a band together. You simply have to have a gimmick, and the gimmick I use is to pay them money! â€Å"; â€Å"If it sounds good and feels good, then it IS good! † and His autobiography, â€Å"Music is My Mistress† describes â€Å"the Duke’s â€Å" life in music. He ate, drank, walked and talked music. His music is known all over the world and when you think about Jazz and Big Band music greats, you would definitely think of Ellington. Duke Ellington has several memorials in New York, where lived for many years in a town house on the corner of Manhattan’s Riverside Drive and 106th Street ; in Washington D. C. , his birthplace and Los Angeles, California. Starting with Washington, D. C. , In 1974, the Calvert Street Bridge was renamed Duke Ellington Bridge; in 1989, a bronze plaque was attached to the newly named Duke Ellington Building at 2121 Ward Place and a mural by Aniekan Udofia was placed above his name; In 2010, the triangular park, across the street from Duke Ellingtons birth site, at the intersection of New Hampshire and M Streets, NW was named, Duke Ellington Park. In New York, West 106th Street was officially renamed Duke Ellington Boulevard. A large memorial to Ellington, created by sculptor Robert Graham, was dedicated in 1997 in New Yorks Central Park, near Fifth Avenue and 110th Street, an intersection named Duke Ellington Circle. A nationally renowned annual competition called â€Å"The Essentially Ellington High School Jazz Band Competition and Festival† started in 1996 at â€Å"Jazz at Lincoln Center† recognizes prestigious high school bands. In Los Angeles, California, a statue of Ellington at a piano is featured at the entrance to UCLAs Schoenberg Hall. It was here that Duke Ellington arrived very late to a free concert due to a mix-up of venues. To make up for this mistake, Duke Ellington and his band played a four hour concert at Duke Hall. This ended up being the first-ever jazz performance in a concert venue. Duke Ellington was one of only four other Jazz musicians to appear on the cover of â€Å"Time Magazine†. He was also the only African American to appear by himself on a circulating US coin. He have been recognized by historians as being the first African American musician who created a significant Hollywood film score comprising of non-diegetic music. His works have been inducted into the â€Å"Grammy Hall of Fame† and many tributes were made in his honor. In 1954, Dave Brubeck dedicated â€Å"the Duke† which became a standard for other musicians. The album, â€Å"The Real Ambassadors† has a vocal version, You Swing Baby (The Duke)† which is performed by Louis Armstrong and Carmen McRae and dedicated to Duke Ellington. Miles Davis created He Loved Him Madly as a tribute to Ellington one month after his death. Stevie Wonder wrote the song Sir Duke as a tribute to Ellington in 1976. A song by Judy Collins called â€Å"Sir Duke† was written in 1975 honoring and describing his funeral. Ellington appeared publicly up until a couple of months before he died from lung cancer and pneumonia on May 24, 1974. He was 75 year old. It is recorded that his last words were, Music is how I live, why I live and how I will be remembered. At his funeral, over 12,000 people attended which was held at the Cathedral of St. John the Divine. Ella Fitzgerald summed up the occasion by stating, Its a very sad day. A genius has passed. Her words resonate in the hearts of many; for, through his efforts and contributions to the world, genius is truly evident.

Nantucket Nectars Case free essay sample

Nantucket Nectars Juice Guys Bottle Formula for Success With Quality Ingredients The island of Nantucket is known for its entrepreneurial spirit. Tom Scott and Tom First caught that fever nine years ago when they started peddling Nantucket Nectars in the islands harbor. Now the self-proclaimed Juice guys hold the number-two spot in the New Age beverage market. To say the Juice guys started their company, Nantucket Nectars, on a shoestring budget would be an understatement. The two Toms built a multi-million dollar company with an initial investment limited to a $170 bottle-cap hand press, recycled ottles and an assortment of fruit. They had no formal business training and conducted no market research. Their business was born from trial and error. First, a Boston native, says it was a willingness to learn every aspect of the business, along with their own naivet © that kept their dream alive in the early years. If we had ever written out a business plan in 1992, we would have gone to do something else, admits First. We will write a custom essay sample on Nantucket Nectars Case or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He says since the duo didnt know how to do a cash flow projection and had no idea that their business was sinking. In the early 1990s we ran the business ut of a cash box, and if there was anything left in the cash box at the end of the day, we thought we were making money, he muses. Nantucket Nectars products are now sold in 30 states, Canada, Latin America, Europe and Asia. Compared to mainstream titans in the $15 billion fruit and tea beverage industry, the Toms are still a niche operation. However, their company is increasing its growth rate each year and expanding its product line as well. Besides Juice, the company now offers a line of teas, as well as Super Nectars, nutritionally enhanced juices that include food additives like gingko biloba. The story of Nantucket Nectars blossomed from a desire to break tradition, to shun the corporate world, with its suit-and-tie lifestyle. The Toms have succeeded in doing this with sheer determination, creative marketing and most of all, a high-quality product. This combination has gained them attention from both consumers and the media as the undisputed Juice guys. And First says they are still having fun. Squeezing Out an Idea Nantucket Nectars holds the second place in the New Age beverage market, trailing only behind Snapple. But the road to this distinction has been long and sometimes umpy. Although both First and Scott hold college degrees, neither had any hard- and-fast business experience before starting Nantucket Nectars. Scott graduated with an American Civilization degree, First in History. But the two knew they didnt want to enter the American workforce and spend their lives climbing a corporate ladder. attending Brown. Scott, a Maryland native, sought a way to live on a seasonal Nantucket year round. He quickly started Terrapin Painters on Cape Cod. While he says it was far from an ideal Job, he still preferred it to working for someone else. And ven though his painting business brought in enough to pay the bills, Scott was soon distracted by what he saw as a better opportunity. With the many vessels entering the harbor, an obvious need arose for a service- oriented business. Boaters had to come to shore to eat, refuel, restock, do laundry, and run various other errands. Scotts idea was to deliver essential items to boaters via his own boat. He recognized the possibilities of this idea and went straight to First. Shortly after, in 1989, the two twenty-something entrepreneurs began offering a boat-to-boat delivery service in Nantucket Harbor called Allserve. Customers would radio Allserve with a request, and the Toms would sail in their 19-foot red Sea Way directly to the boater with supplies. This saved the customer hours of time each day and made Allserve an instant success. The Toms would do almost anything to keep their newfound business afloat. In fact, Allserve provided more than Just a delivery service. The duo performed the oddest of jobs things others didnt want or have time to do. Theyre motto: Aint nothing them boys wont do. The young business owners shampooed their share of dogs and cleaned a good number of boats to keep their dream alive. More than alive, Allserve would thrive and expand to include two more boats in its fleet that summer. When the busy season ended, it was time for the boys to return to Brown and complete their education. Little did they know they were on the brink of discovering a multi-million dollar business with only a strong entrepreneurial spirit, a modest amount of money and a recipe for success. They could not know it then, but Allserve would lead them to the first channel of distribution for their future Juice business. After graduating college, the two returned to the island of Nantucket to pick up here they left off with Allserve. But they knew once the season ended, the winter months would be challenging at best. We were looking for ways to make our business year-round, and we were involved in a lot of different things. We were involved in the scallop industry, storing boats in the winter, servicing engines. We even distributed bread, explains First. Only a brave few people dared to endure the slow winter months on the island, but those who did had to stick together. Cook-offs were common on many nights, where Nantucket natives gathered to show off their culinary skills. First would bring the juice. This was not Just any Juice, but a special creation influenced by his travels in Seville, Spain, where nectars are popular refreshment. l sort of became infatuated with this Juice, says First. There was nothing like it in the United States. So when I nectar and pure cane sugar. The islanders loved it. A Juicy Opportunity The Toms quickly realized the potential of this tasty fruit creation and headed to their local grocers that same evening. One night, we started mixing fruits in a blender. We bought all sorts of fruits from our local grocery store and came up with some concoctions that are probably better left forgotten, says First. But he says they did hit upon some great flavors, including the ever-popular Orange Mango Juice cocktail. The next spring, Allserve would include a glorified floating lemonade stand in its repertoire of services. They sold a lot of peach Juice to thirsty boaters that summer. And while they felt this might be the idea that hit it big, their Juice business started as Just another way to boost Allserves summer sales. We were doing so many different things, we thought eventually maybe something will stick, says First. Nantucket Nectars early channels of manufacturing and distribution were quite rimitive in comparison to the bottling plants they use today. Basically we were producing the Juice by hand out of an ice cream store for a while, and Just selling it to a few stores on Nantucket, says First.

Positive Reinforcement free essay sample

This study is based on the effect of positive reinforcement on exercising more regularly. I wanted to try and exercise at least 30min – 1hr everyday within one week’s period of time. In trying to do so I used positive reinforcement to increase to time I used to exercise more each day. I studied myself for this case and I am a 21 year old female who attends Southwestern Illinois College. Over a seven day baseline period I noted that I never exercised at all, unless you count the time token to walk to my car and or from one class to the next. Over the seven day treatment period I exercised more being that I couldn’t watch TV unless I completed at least 30mins of exercise. So if I wanted to watch an hour of TV I had to exercise at least 30mins and this was very successful for me. We will write a custom essay sample on Positive Reinforcement or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The use of positive reinforcement in this study was easiest for me and worked to help me exercise more. In the future when applying behavior modification to help me exercise more I may try something different to help me increase the timed used to exercise daily. Instead of using a privilege as a reward I can switch it up and use something I really want, such as a new pair of shoes as a positive reinforcement to continue to get me to exercise more regularly each day. Keywords: positive reinforcement, baseline period, treatment period, behavior modification For my behavior modification project, I wanted to increase how much I exercised. My goal was to exercise at least 5 days a week for at least 30mins a day. The reason I chose exercising for this project is because I believe it’s something I needed to do more of to stay healthy and fit. The reasons I think I have trouble exercising regularly is 1) I am so busy with school and school work, I made myself believe I didn’t have time to. 2) I procrastinate a lot and would always put it off for later and end up never doing it at all. I plan on using positive reinforcement to increase how much I exercise daily. My short term goal is to exercise at least 5days a week for at least 30mins long. My long term goal is to increase the time spent exercising each day from 30mins to 1hour long and to start eating healthier as well. Methods My operational definition for my target behavior is exercising more, to exercise at least 30mins a day. Positive Reinforcement will be my treatment. Whenever I want to watch television I have to complete 30mins of exercise. I will use positive reinforcement by rewarding myself 1hr of television if I exercise for 30mins. Procedure1 For 2weeks I collected data for this study. For 7 days I collected data before I used behavior modification to change my non exercising habit. For another 7 days I collected data in the treatment phase where I started using positive reinforcement whenever I exercised. Baseline phase. During the 7 day baseline phase I recorded how much I did or didn’t exercise each day. I did not reward myself for exercising and I didn’t punish myself for not exercising at all. I wrote down and kept track in my notebook how much I did or didn’t exercise each day. Treatment phase. During the 7 day treatment phase, I rewarded myself 1hour of television if I exercised for at least 30mins. Results During the baseline phase I spent zero minutes exercising a day. I did not exercise at all. During the treatment phase I exercised an average of 45min a day. I met my goal of exercising more regularly at a minimum of at least 30mins a day. Summary During the treatment phase of this study I met my goal of exercising more every day for a minimum of 30mins by using positive reinforcement. I plan on continuing this and using positive reinforcement to help me exercise more each day and increase my time spent exercising. I also would like to try to start eating healthier to lose weight and I will use positive reinforcement to do so. I am going to try new rein forcers for exercising more and eating healthy, such as a pair of new shoes when I reach my goal. I will continue to try and increase my exercising habit and try adding on other healthy habits such as eating healthy and try losing weight. .

effect of workaholism Essays

effect of workaholism Essays effect of workaholism Essay effect of workaholism Essay The effect of Workaholism. If youre addicted to checking your email and regularly work through evenings, weekends and vacations, you might be a workaholic , and your health may be suffering because of it. Recent research done by the Kansas State University study, found that well-being is generally not a priority for workaholic. Workaholic will effects the family ,social life and health of who that addicted to workaholic. First and foremost, workaholics adversely affect their families. They will have weak communication with other family member. This can make the relationship in the amily stressful and likely collapse anytime. In addition , they have little help with housework because of focusing on thier work so the family will be in disorder and cause uncomfortable feeling. Besides that, the children have development incompletely about body and spirit, they need taking care more from others, especially their parent while the workaholics lifestyle gain much time and the parent will have no time to care about their son. As a result, their kid may be naughty, lazy or their ability will not develop and their future will be influenced very much. Secondly, workaholic can have numerous effects on their social lives. When people addict to work, they will have no attention to other thing around them. They are losing relationship among their relatives and friends and partners. Therefore, they will face many difficulties in life because they have no help from others. Furthermore , in society, they also have few friend because of little communication with people in society. They concentrate on their work and dont take part in some social activities or make friends together. This will cause their spirit poor , unhappy nd bored. The additional problem of workaholics style is some influences on their own health. When they work too much, they will not avoid stress and some diseases like headache, stomachache or some serious professional diseases that take much time to treat. According to the report of health condition of worker publish by the organization of ones, there are about 90 percent of employees who is working hard suffering from the diseases like headache , feeling dizzy or stressful. Moreover , they can have inefficient performance at work because of these diseases. For instance, when you study many subjects, you cannot understand thoroughly each subject. It is similar to the workahilic, they do much work and cannot have an efficient presentation at their Job. In short, workaholism has many unhelpful effects on families, social and health. We must have suitable schedules in work and rest to keep equilibrium of our body and mind to stay away from this negative lifestyle. If workaholic can be cured, it is the best for their families and surrounding people. effect of workaholism By kepalaJimbebko

American Literature Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

American Literature - Essay Example It is orderly because that is what keeps people’s lives moving, is order. The story introduces the reader the traveling school master, Ichabod Crane, whose very organized life involves spending a week at a time at the homes of the local students, where he is well fed, sheltered, and has the opportunity to meet and perhaps marry a young woman who might inherit some means greater than his own. Ichabod’s organization is symbolic of the organization within which he lives. It is a very organized, chaotic free life that Ichabod leads. As the story departs from the historic, and begins to delve into the mystery of the urban myths, like that of the story of â€Å"Douffe Martling (65),† then the organization and sense of sleepy little town calm begins to dissipate. â€Å"But all these were nothing to the tales of ghosts and ap ­paritions that succeeded. The neighborhood is rich in legend ­ary treasures of the kind. Local tales and superstitions thrive best in these sheltered long-settled retreats; but are trampled under foot by the shifting throng that forms the population of most of our country places. Besides, there is no encourage ­ment for ghosts in most of our villages, for they have scarcely had time to finish their first nap, and turn themselves in their graves, before their surviving friends have traveled away from the neighborhood; so that when they turn out at night to walk their rounds, they have no acquaintance left to call upon. This is perhaps the reason why we so seldom hear of ghosts except in our long-established Dutch communities (66).† It is only when we take ourselves out of the mundane daily life routines that it becomes really exciting, because then we can inject our environments with the sense of intrigue and suspense. Even if the characters are created by our social imagination, intended to create entertainment value, they are necessary to break the mundane daily routine. So we create ghosts and goblins, and those things that are

Nursing Preceptorship Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Nursing Preceptorship - Research Paper Example Preceptorship is defined as a one to one relationship between a registered nurse and a nursing student whose purpose is to introduce a student to a clinical environment and orient them to the intense experience of learning in a practical mode. Preceptors introduce orientees to gain nursing skills, patient dealing, protocols and unit culture of nursing. This program enables them to learn and become competent enough to demonstrate basic unit skills by the end of the course. Students recently graduated from nursing school face difficulties when it comes to implementation part. They are pushed into a situation where one needs time and observation to implement the acquired knowledge. The main cause of the under stress nurses was found to be , lack of confidence in learnt skills, incomplete in critical thinking and clinical knowledge, correlation with patients and preceptors, dependence, frustrating work environment. Thus preceptors are essential to role model the professional attitude and skills which enable the orientees to learn and grasp them practically. This researched discovered how quickly orientees learn to implement clinical knowledge and nursing skills through preceptor orientation learning programs. The significance of preceptorship during nursing school is accepted and has been a part of nursing training program. Collaborative preceptor models between nursing school and service agencies have sustained a positive relationship and facilitated the nursing students to learn to integrate skills with real-life situations. This model provides a single nursing student to be precepted by a registered nurse whereas in the integrated clinical preceptor model, students plan their clinical experiences and preceptor acts as a mentor, clinical teacher, role model. It revealed the positive outcomes in the complex and dynamic world of acute health care. (Sandau & Halm, 2010) The importance of nurse prespectors in educating undergraduate nurses cannot be overstated. The guide and teach new nurses, the roles and responsibilities they have to face in a clinical setting. Thus the transition becomes easy for the undergraduates from the educational institutes to professionalism. It also facilitates t he specialization in any nursing faculty. As a frame work for clinical teaching, these preceptors demonstrate professional practice and share patient care experience. The awareness of handling patient’s condition and providing care accordingly, which they will encounter is shown to them. Theoretical information is thus put into practice with the help of prespectors. It is a responsibility of nurse prespector to form a connection between theory and practical implementation for an orientee, in a patient care environment. Thus achieving the expected results in a given time frame utilizing the facilities in hand is the main objective. This program holds utmost significance for mentor, orientee and the organization itself. Preceptor ship program offers professional nurturance and development in social and professional roles, which reduces the reality shock faced by new nurses in a clinical setting. Orientees feel les stresses as the preceptors gear them into right direction throug h experience thus learning takes place with constant monitoring and under constant guidance. Therefore the confidence level of such nurses’ rise due to participation in preceptorship program and their knowledge expands due to experienced preceptors who steer them into right

SHORT ANSWER ONLY Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 5

SHORT ANSWER ONLY - Assignment Example istics, different distribution of genetic variations which are fundamental and necessary to pursue biomedical studies that will address any menacing diseases that will emerge and adversely affect the population.† (Tiskoff & Kidd, 2004). Scientific racialism is â€Å"defined as the use of scientific techniques, that is, employing anthropology, paleontology, anthropometry and other disciplines, as well as hypotheses to sanction the belief in racial superiority, inferiority or racism† (Scientific racism, n.d.) . After World War II, Racism redeemed a new meaning _ â€Å"racial discrimination and a harmful intent. A racist makes prejudicial judgments. Focusing on the said ‘harmful intent’, contemporary scientists, sociologists, and politicians continue to monitor and study how to prevent racism among groups in the context of more controversial issues on â€Å"race and intelligence, race and health and race and crime† ( Savant, 2008). In order to belong to an ethnic group, one can choose from using Primordial or Circumstantial method. Circumstantial view of ethnicity suggests that to be in an ethnic group, one must be raised in that ethnic group or at the very least be adopted into that ethnic group at some point. (Circumstancialist, 2007). On a U.S. daily basis in U.S. culture, â€Å"characterizing police practices as in racial profiling, in explaining voting patterns in terms of racial or ethnic loyalties; when imputing identities or interests into racial ethnic or national groups† are just some o f the model -related examples (Brubaker, et. al., 2004). â€Å"White Anglo-Saxon Protestants (WASP), originally denoted as an ethnic group, culture, customs and heritage of early Western European settlers in what is today in the U.S. WASP vary in religion, from secular to Episcopalian to Congregational. The 21st century saw WASP influence over U.S. social structure particularly major American institutions, cultural, educational, business and financial entities.

University International Students

University International Students Introduction Studying at the university requires adjustment so that the student can effectively function and pursue his chosen field of study. Ones academic life, gaining access to educational materials, and interaction with classmates and professors are all important factors in the adjustment process. Yet, they are not the only factors that should be taken into account. This adjustment process becomes even more important for international students. They have to adjust to the culture of the location of their university, they have to take into account the language, the social norms, the idioms and metaphors being used by the society that the university belongs to. If they fail to adjust in the social context, their education might not be maximized, and, worse, they might not be able to understand a lot of things in their schooling. This essay takes a look in the adjustment process that international students have to face, particularly their context and their learning styles. It discusses how context and learning style affects their adjustment process. In doing so, this essay presents several theories and principles regarding the learning process. Furthermore, it presents several recommendations on how international students could better adjust in the university. More than just a theoretical presentation, this essay also takes into account the personal experiences of the author and will deal with some of the challenges being faced by international students in the university. This understanding is very important so that the international students, and other university students and professors would come to better strategies in helping international students cope with the university life and all its rigors and demands. University Culture and the International Student The university promotes scholarly studies and the pursuit of knowledge and wisdom. In addition to this, the application of this body of knowledge in the society is also taken into account. Because of the process of globalization, university culture is also being internationalized in the sense that the university is being integrated into the global processes defining the world at this time (Bartell, 2003). Given this internationalization of universities, international students necessarily come to the fore. In a study conducted by Neville, students at the university who have previously enrolled expressed fear that they may not do well in the university because of the pressures of family, society, and of the economic side of their schooling. As an international student, I have also experienced some of these challenges. Since I am far away from my family, I feel homesick at times, unable to focus on my studies. It takes courage and resolve in order for me to truly pursue my university education. Yet, because of the importance of my university education and the interactions with others, I painstakingly work towards improving myself in pursuing my education. International Students and Speaking English Another challenge that international students face is the issue of language. Since English is recognized internationally as the language of the university, international students have to learn this language so that they can converse fluently and intelligently with classmates and professors. For international students who are already fluent in this language, they have surmounted an important barrier. Yet, those who have not done yet, they need to work more in learning English, otherwise, they will fail to interact and converse with others, which is an important part of university life. Universities therefore need to help international students who speak English as a second language in improving their English skills. This is the only way for them to truly make the connections that will help them complete their university education. Speech and language laboratories could be established and part of the learning processes of international students. This way, they will be able to interact better and have more opportunities in improving their English language skills. As an international student who entered the university, I experienced a kind of culture shock because the university promotes a culture of literacy (Nevile, 1996). Although I was already a bit fluent with the English, I was not a prolific writer. So I had to attend some writing workshops and tutorial sessions so I could improve the way that I write in the English language. With this process, I was able to improve some of the things that I faced. In addition to this, I also talked with other international students regarding the struggles that they face and the difficulties that they are having. In the process, I managed to have a support group that could easily help me deal with homesickness and other difficulties of being an international student. The interactions with other international students helped me become more prepared in dealing with the rigors of university life. Maximizing Adjustment to the University For international students who want to make the most out of the university, there are several tips that could be followed. For one, improving English skills is a must. It might take more time and effort to do so, yet, it is of utmost important that English skills become excellent. International students should also form support groups that could help them deal with homesickness and other challenges of being in a foreign society. The emotional support given by others makes a lot of difference in the adjustment process. Lastly, international students should be able to maximize all available resources at their disposal through consistent and persistent studying and pursuit of knowledge. This is the best way to deal with the adjustment process. Conclusion This essay has looked at the experiences of international students in adjusting at a university. Universities do have a culture of literacy, which the international student may not be prepared for. As such, they need to double their efforts in learning, in interacting and talking with others—friends, professors, classmates, and other international students—and gaining access to all forms of educational resources. By establishing support groups and mentoring relationships, international students could do well in their university education and prepare them for excellent work even beyond the university. Through this, they could contribute better to their society and their world. Reference Bartell, M. (2003). Internationalization of universities: A university culture-based framework. Higher Education, 45 (1), 43-70. Nevile, M. (1996). Literacy Culture Shock: Developing Academic Literacy at the University. The Australian Journal of Language and Literacy, 19 (1), 38-51.

Grover Cleveland :: essays research papers

Grover Cleveland Grover Cleveland , the twenty-second and twenty-fourth President of the United States, was born in Caldwell, New Jersey on March 18, 1837. He was the first Democratic President who served two terms that did not directly follow each other. He also was the first President who was elected after the Civil War. Grover Cleveland was born the son of a country minister whose name was Richard Falley Cleveland. His mothers name was Ann Neal Cleveland, the daughter of a publisher. Grover Cleveland was the fifth child in a family of four brothers and five sisters. Grover Cleveland's family let a hard life, having little money and moving around alot. After Grover Cleveland's father died, he had to help support the family of nine on his wages as a clerk. He earned only $4.00 a week! He was unable to go to law school like he wanted to do, so he studied by himself and became an attorney in l859. Grover Cleveland became interested in politics and held several small offices, including sheriff. He became Mayor of Buffalo, New York, in 1881 and attacked corruption and dishonesty in govwenment. He then became Governor in 1882 and was a huge success because of his reputation for honesty. Grover Cleveland got married in 1886 to Frances Folsom. He was the first President to get married in the White House. Reporters pried into every detail of Grover Cleveland's life which he called "colossal impertinence". Grover Cleveland had five children. Esther, his second daughter, was the first and only child of a President to ever be born in the White House. In 1884, Grover Cleveland's supporters suggested that he run for President of the United States. His motto was "a public office is a public trust". He was elected as the twenty-second President from 1885 until 1889. He served for four years and then barely lost the next election to Benjamin Harrison, even though he had the majority of the popular vote. In 1892, he was persuaded to seek office again and he returned to Washington as the twenty- fourth President in 1893 for four more years. This President, called "Uncle Jumbo" by his relatives, was a hard- working President. He liked to do much of the work himself instead of assigning tasks to other people. Mr. Cleveland often stayed up until 2 or 3 a.m. going over official business, and sometimes answered the White House Telephone himself. Grover Cleveland worked hard at reducing taxes on products that came into the United States, he refused easy money to farmers so that they could reduce their debt, and he refused bigger pensions to Veterans.

Quality Health Care Essay

Quality health care is defined as â€Å"the degree to which health services for individuals and populations increase the likelihood of desired health outcomes and are consistent with current professional knowledge†. The Institute of Medicine’s 2001 article, To Err Is Human released the statement that medical errors were responsible for between 44,000 and 98,000 deaths annually in the United States (McEwen and Willis, 2014). An immediate demand for accountability and quality in the health care system requested and many quality improvement/management initiatives were undertaken that directly impacted the discipline of nursing. A recent announcement was made that The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality estimated 1.3 million fewer patients (a 17% reduction) were harmed in U.S. hospitals from 2010 to 2013. The estimate of 34,530 deaths prevented in 2013 was nearly 10 times greater than the reduction estimated in 2011. The cumulative cost savings during the period analyzed was nearly $12 billion. Healthcare quality and safety experts call the reductions impressive, but they also emphasize that there is still a long way to go to improve the safety of the nation’s hospitals (Rice, 2014). The majority of these medical errors result from faulty systems and processes, not individuals. Because errors are caused by system or process failures it is important to adopt various process-improvement techniques to identify inefficiencies, ineffective care, and preventable errors to then influence changes associated with systems. Each of these techniques involves assessing performance and using findings to inform change (McNally, Page, and Sunderland, 1997). Our textbook and this class provide us with the insight on specific theories, models, and framework applicable to nursing administration and management. Quality management (QM) is responsible greatly for the work done on the reduction of medical errors. We will discuss components to leadership in a QM environment and essential roles and responsibilities of these leaders. We will also learn that quality improvement and evidence-based practice are cornerstones of a successful and high performing health care organization. McEwen, M., & Wills, E. M. (2014). Theoretical basis for nursing (4th ed.). Philadelphia: Lippincott. ISBN: 978-1-4511-9031-1 McNally M., Page M., and Sunderland V. (1997). Failure mode and effects analysis in improving a drug distribution system. American Journal of Health System Pharmacy. (54) 17-7.  Rice, S., (2014). 1.3 million adverse events prevented in U.S. hospitals since 2010, feds say. Retrieved December 4, 2014 from: http://www.modernhealthcare.com/article/20141202/NEWS/312029936.

The Masque of the Red Death Room meanings

The Masque of the Red Death Room meanings Free Online Research Papers â€Å"The Masque of the Red Death† By Edgar Allen Poe is a story with so many meanings. Not only is this short story written by an amazing writer. Poe uses many literary elements such as very descriptive settings, and a very eerie tone. His setting is an age when the â€Å"Red Death† is taking over the country. There is a Prince Prospero, who invites all of his friends to come and live lavishly in his castle-like abbey, and him and his friends live lavishly for several months, avoiding the â€Å"Red Death†. The imagery Poe uses to describe the disease is incredible. Here is a description of the symptoms, as Poe show them, â€Å"There were sharp pains, and sudden dizziness, ant then profuse bleeding at the pores with dissolution, the scarlet stains upon the body and especially the face of the victim were the pest ban which shut him out from the aid and from the sympathy of his fellow men. And the whole seizure, progress, and termination of the disease were inci dents of half an hour.† Imagery this vivid makes one feel as if they are watching someone o through the experience. This all helps the tone of the story as being a very eerie and horrific tone. All of these things are used to support eh allegorical meaning as well as the theme of Poe’s â€Å"The Masque of the Red Death†. The number seven is used in this story as a reference to the seven deadly sins. This use of the number seven is displayed in the seven rooms that Prince Prospero has in his â€Å"castle† each room was a different color, one was black and red, another room was purple, violet, green, blue, orange, and white. The rooms all of the guests went into except for the seventh, the black and red room. These colors represent two things, the times of day and with them their corresponding stages of life. The first room, the blue room, represents the freshness of a new day or birth. The second room; the purple room represents being a baby. The green room represents midday, when the sun is shining and the grass is green and when you are growing in life. The fourth room, orange represents the sun being up just hanging out. The fifth room, the white room represents midday when the sun is highest and blinding and your life is midway through. The sixth room, violet represents violet, as the s un starts to set, and the last room, the black and red room represents death as life ends. In each room there is also a torch when everyone dies at the end of the story all of the torches go out, showing how they all symbolized life, and then death. As well as in the black room there was an ebony clock described, as, â€Å"in this apartment, also there stood against the western wall a gigantic clock of ebony Its pendulum swung to and fro with a dull, heavy, monotonous clang; and when minute hand made the circuit of the face, and the hour was to be stricken, there came from the brazen lungs of the clock a sound which was clear and loud and deep and exceedingly musical, but of such a peculiar a note and emphasis that, at each lapse of an hour, the musicians of the orchestra were constrained to pause momentarily in their performance to hearken to the sound; and thus the waltzers perforce ceased their evolutions; and there was a brief disconcert of the whole gay company.† This c lock symbolized the death to come to all of the peoples at the party. This was shown in the end of the story when said, â€Å"And the life of the ebony clock went out with that of the last of the gay. And the flames of the tripods expired.† Some of the above things that show the allegorical meanings of Edgar Allen Poe’s â€Å"The Masque of the Red Death,† are just a few key things in the story out of many more things that have multiple meanings. Poe wrote an amazing story with so much meaning packed into only a few pages. His imagery and settings make one feel as if they are inside this little short story with so many meanings. Research Papers on The Masque of the Red Death Room meaningsHarry Potter and the Deathly Hallows EssayMind TravelPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This Nice19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraCapital PunishmentWhere Wild and West MeetHonest Iagos Truth through DeceptionAnalysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementHip-Hop is Art

The Necessity of Mythology in the Classroom

The Necessity of Mythology in the Classroom Free Online Research Papers Mythology, a necessity in the classroom, as it provides vital tools for teachers and children to learn so much from. It incorporates so many things that prove essential to a childs development. The positive things that come from mythology make such a great impact on young children to last them a lifetime. Mythology seems like a normal way to involve the student. Most children love to hear and read myths because they offer some sort of adventure. The large amount of positive things that come from mythology surprise many people. Students can gain good role models to look up to not just movie stars and sports stars but heroes from mythology. Children love to read about heroes because of all the excitement. Heroes are important to children. A child’s definition of a hero has changed slightly over the past few years and they now look for heroes that have super powers, extreme bravery, and on the side of good. These heroes typically go out on a quest and end up fighting evil. Heroes like Heracles and Odysseus exemplify the term hero in many ways. Many students should recognize Hercules as a major hero from previous experience such as television shows or movies. Odysseus’ most famous for coming up with the idea of building the Trojan Horse and constructing that particular plan of attack. Children may not recognize his name but should have heard something about the Trojan Horse. By including these prominent figures in a lesson plan one could possibly catch the attention of many students and spark their interests. In sparking a child’s interest, a teacher increases their likelihood for success in mastery of all objectives for the lesson plan. Students can learn many great life lessons from the study of mythology as many of the stories have underlying meanings or lessons to learn. One major life lesson learned from mythology revolves around the concept of right from wrong. My characters in these stories face this dilemma on a daily basis. In Antigone, Antigone must decide wrong from right in the decision to bury her brother and die or leave him be. She chooses to bury her brother and before they could kill her she kills herself. This is an example of the choices that some people had to make for themselves. Another important aspect to understand is the concepts of fate and luck as they exist in society today. Many characters in mythology seemed to possess a sense of luck and had a good feeling for their fate and purpose in this world. Students need to be aware of these concepts which are definitely instilled in mythology without being the overall message of the story. Discussing issues such as morality need to begin at an e arly age because children need to have morals or principles to live their lives by. The fields of study taught with the use of mythology are widespread in subject. One that comes to mind would use history or multicultural education as the subject. A teacher could ask her students to find a god from the different types of mythology such as Norse, Roman, or Greek. Students can integrate the use of technology by researching a particular god or goddess and give a presentation to the class. Their presentations could be as simple as a report or as elaborate as a short story. Teachers should encourage them to dress like the god or goddess or talk like him or her. This activity is very hands on and fun which will surely spark some creativity and deep thought. This should encourage students to learn and study topics like early beliefs and to give them the ability to believe in themselves and their creative work. Reading mythology is an easy way to stimulate students in class. They usually enjoy them more than expected by teachers. Students seem to enjoy them because they have a great story structure. For the most part myths do not drag on forever so they keep the attention of their audience. If a child has a genuine interest in mythology then often they advance in their reading ability without even noticing. The students can all read or listen to and understand the stories of the myths. Children relate the stories to things happening in modern society to make more sense of them. Often times children that read about all of these tragic times gain a better understanding and appreciation for their own life. Astronomy can integrate mythology into a lesson about constellations and planets. Many constellations and planets got their name from gods and goddesses from mythology. This would prove successful as a lesson plan for studying stars and planets. The students would even enjoy a field trip to the local planetarium to learn more about constellations and planets and where they got their names from. I know of one constellation that is very interesting, Orion’s belt, it consists of four stars that make an x and three stars in the middle to make the belt. Writing and Art can also incorporate mythology in their lessons. The abundance of childrens books which contain one single myth is phenomenal. These books have the best illustrations. It opens up so many opportunities for creative writing and artwork. Students could examine the childrens books for how the author used creativity to make the story exciting. The students could examine the art work and perhaps incorporate art into their own myths. The wide varieties of things to write creatively about mythology could go on forever. For a creative writing assignment students could choose a god or goddess to research. Then prepare a monologue to share with the class as they try to guess which person you are. The study of mythology arises as an important aspect of today’s society in many places and things we do. Many companies are related to mythology in some way for example, Ajax was a Greek warrior in the Trojan War, who cleaned up in battle and today is a popular household cleaner. Apollo was the God of music and the Apollo Theater, a famous music hall, stays alive in New York City. Midas was the King with the golden touch, who transformed all he touched to gold and now Midas refers to a famous muffler and brake chain of service stations. One of the more likely resemblances to mythology, inhabitants of the city that got destroyed by the Greeks during the Trojan War; the Trojans. In society today if someone says Trojan people think of the maker of condoms and birth control products. Myths exist in every culture around the world. Mythology has shaped art and music in today’s world. 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Wind turbines Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Wind turbines - Research Paper Example The concept and the technology of wind turbine is not a new one and it has existed for hundreds of years. The existence of wind turbines can be traced back to the period of 200 BC when this technology was recognized as a windmill and was used in the region of Persia (Fraenkel, 2006, p.212). The first ever wind turbine was named as the wind wheel that was developed by an individual who belonged to the field of mathematics and engineering. But the first ever wind turbine that existed in operational condition was developed in the region of Sistan during the period of 7th century (Fraenkel, 2006, p.212). After more than 5 centuries later the first ever windmill or wind turbine was utilized in the region of England and by the period of 14th century these windmills were witnessed as being used to drain the regions of Rhine Delta (Northrop, 2013, p.143). The first ever wind turbine that was used for the purpose of generation of electricity was during the period of 1887 when James Blyth used the technology in order to provide electricity for his holiday home and after a small period of time the first ever wind turbine that operated automatically without battery was developed by Charles F. Brush and this development helped in providing energy for the region of Ohio (Northrop, 2013, p.143). 13 years later these technological devices were used in the region of Denmark for the production of around 30 MW of electric energy. By the period of 1908, United States had even adopted this technology and had installed 72 generators of electricity that were producing electricity with the assistance of wind turbines. 22 years later these electricity producing devices were most commonly in use within the farms of the region of United States to produce energy (Northrop, 2013, p.143). The wind turbines that are available in the present day society, which is made up of horizontal-axis wind generators were developed and

The brand strategies which Toyota May Adopt to improve tarnished brand Essay - 1

The brand strategies which Toyota May Adopt to improve tarnished brand image - Essay Example In the end the individuals were asked about their opinions and views regarding Toyota’s recall process and the reasons associated with this critical situation. According to them their perceived quality of Toyota as a brand has decreased and they are unhappy to pay the same amount of money which Toyota is actually asking because they should be aware that their brand quality has been tarnished and needs improvement. Most of the security concerned individuals stated that they will altogether stop buying Toyota’s products as they are outsourcing most of their automobile manufacturing. Hence it is evident that the higher management must put more effort in building up to quality and service to reposition their tarnished image in the minds of their customers. 69 Chapter 5 70 Recommendations 70 Conclusion 75 Appendix 90 Introduction The modern age of business can be defined as age of competition. The competition within an industry is gradually increasing with the expansion of b usiness as many new players are entering into the market. There are several reasons behind this intensifying competition. Firstly, globalisation is one of the primary reasons for expansion of trade and business that lead to increase competition. Many business organisations have found greater opportunities in overseas market, and free trade policies and agreements between multiple countries facilitated their market expansion programs. The domestic markets have turned into global markets that heightened competition rivalry among existing domestic and new multinational enterprises. Since last two decades, the society has been experiencing a rapid technological improvement. The technological advancements have led to change the structure of entire trade and business. The management tasks and operational process are now backed with technology like e-commerce and e-business. A better grip of technological advancement helps a business organisation to gain an upper hand position. Finally, en hancing economic condition of consumers and increasing their disposable income have strengthened their purchasing power. This has also changed their consumer buying behaviours and they have developed their specific brand preferences (Vashisht, 2005, p.68). In the modern and competitive business world, business organisations always try to position itself in market for avoiding unnecessary competitions. In this process they aim to achieve strong competitive advantages and core competencies that enable them to gain upper hand position in the market. There are multiple ways to achieve competitive advantages; however, brand development is the most preferred way for creating high business value (John R. Schermerhorn, Jr, 2010). The American Marketing Association (AMA) describes a brand as a "name, term, sign, symbol or design, or a combination of them intended to identify the goods and services of one seller or group of sellers and to differentiate them from those of other sellers. About. com Marketing Guide further explains that the objective of branding is not just to project yourself as being better than your

Global perspectives assessment Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Global perspectives assessment - Research Paper Example This means that the US criminal justice system including its law enforcement could go beyond the boundary of the state as the crime itself could be created beyond boundaries, but could still have substantial threats on the part of the nation. At this point, the US could remarkably play the role of a global police, trying to maintain peace and order situation of the whole world just as to ensure stability of peace in its state. This is a significant and probable response to the growing international dimensions of crime. Criminals might be staying out of the US state, but still could inflict potential threats due to the spreading wide coverage of their scope, connections and evolving organizational control. In response to this, the US state should also therefore expand the exposure of its criminal justice system throughout the world. Let us add to the problem when technological influences on global criminality enter the scene. The advancement of technology at the other part of it does not only bring comfort, but trouble at the same time if used at the criminals’ vantage point of view. Concerning this, the US criminal justice system needs to make its effort twice as much, double its time and never delay in order to keep its pace even more than the level of the criminals. Added to the issue is the diversified US culture, leading to the point that the US criminal justice system requires international cooperation so as to ward off probable threats on America’s borders and of other relevant crimes. The heterogeneous culture in the US though it may provide certain advantages, but at the other side of it, the bottom line is that there are other probable problems tied up with it. For example, the diverse culture creates a portal making it easy for bigger syndicates to easily move in and out of the US federal state. They became too familiar with the US culture, but on the other side, the US still needs to learn more about varying culture. This signifies the need to learn more about the existing different cultures on the part of the US, be familiar with them too and use this for its competitive advantage. That is why it requires constant international cooperation to solve existing crimes and even those new cases as upshots of varying changes not only brought by technology and different cultures, but the globalization in general. For this reason, the US is strongly advancing to create an effort to solve crimes and as much as possible hinder possible great impacts they could bring to the entire state. Compare and contrast international criminal justice systems Socialist law traditions are used by the states that are communists and are formerly communists. They employed the Marxist-Leninist ideology (Joerges & Ghaleigh, 2003). Another branch of law is civil law which deals with legal disputes among individuals or organizations and those who win the case may be able to receive compensation (Dunham, 2008). The common law on the other hand is a case-based reasoning law, evaluating the case and then applying what laws might probably apply to it (Holmes, 2005). Embodied in the Islamic law are the religious duties employing Allah’s commands (Standke, 2008). As noticed, these international criminal justice systems have varying foundations and beliefs as their means to ultimately come up with the right and appropriate decisions. While socialist law is

Plato Analysis Essay Example for Free

Plato Analysis Essay Platos The Republic centers on a simple question: is it better to be just than unjust? In answering this overlying question, Socrates outlines the ideal city and how justice is a virtue of that city. From there, he characterizes justice as a virtue of the soul. It is while he is discussing the soul that Socrates begins to define the different types of souls. Rather than comparing and contrasting each soul, Plato quickly jumps into contrasting the tyrannical soul with the aristocratic soul ? the most unjust with the most just. In Book IX of Platos The Republic, Socrates describes a man in an awful state asserting that the worst of souls is the tyrant. This accurate assertion can be seen through the consideration of not only the tyrants personal characteristics but also the negative ______ he contributes to the city. In Book VIII of Platos Republic, the five types of people are presented in parallel to the fives types of regimes. The most inferior of the five regimes is tyranny. Correspondingly, the tyrannical soul is then the most inferior person. Socrates examines the steady decline from one regime to the next, starting with the fall from aristocracy to timocracy when factions arise between auxiliaries and guardians. This decline comes because of injustice and the spirit of the auxiliaries not abiding by the edicts of reason. Further decline due to an excess of desire and the degradation of spirit ultimately leads to tyranny. This is the most wretched of all the regimes as the tyrant is the most wretched of souls. Book IX of The Republic begins with a story of two young men whose lives take opposite paths. The first is raised in a home more Spartan than Athenian, born to a parsimonious father who honors the money-making desires while despising the ones that arent necessary but exist for the sake of play and showing off (572c). The son rebels against his austere upbringing, and revels in the company of subtler men who delight in the pleasures of the world (572c). However, because the young man has been brought up to abhor such worldliness, in the end he chooses a middle path ? neither illiberal nor hostile to law ? having become what Plato describes as a man of the people (572d). This introduction is important, because Plato uses the young man previously described to contrast the second. The second man is perhaps the son of the first, raised in moderation, to appreciate both the diligence of work and the joy of pleasure. When the same influences, friends, and ideas that changed his father begin to work on him, this young man does not have the inner moral courage to chart his own path. With his father urging moderation and his friends encouraging irresponsibility, the young man is torn between the two. Herein lies the downfall of the man ? the dread enchanters and tyrant-makers who espouse reckless pleasure-seeking realize that they will not win him over with continued persuasion, so they seek to make him a slave to his own desires (573a). Plato calls these desires love, but lust may be a more apt description (573b). Having now become a drone, the young man is imbued with desire to satisfy the temporal passions that bring momentary pleasure (573b). This desire drives him insane. He has madness as his bodyguard, and runs amuck, eliminating those whose own decency contrasts with his own lack thereof, killing them out of shame. The tyrant is characterized as the worst of souls because of his personal attributes that are detrimental and undesirable to any man. Drunken, erotic, and melancholic, he lives solely to satisfy the passions and desires that run rampant in his mind (573c). This man does little good by himself or his fellowmen, and, if given the opportunity, would become the most terrible of rulers. Plato defines this man to be his tyrant and describes him as the most miserable person in society. Socrates and Glaucon characterize the person ruled by lawless attitudes as enslaved, having the least amount of control to what he wants. The tyrant is full of confusion and regret, fearful and poor, with an insatiable appetite (577c-578a). To any human being, it would be least desirable to become a person as described above who is never satisfied. The greatest control an individual can obtain is control over their own thoughts and desires. Without this control, a person is miserable and relies on the outside world to fill his appetite. To illustrate the idea that a tyrant is simply one whose passions are out of control, Plato compares the tyrant to a drunken man. Just as a drunken man has a tyrannical spirit, so a man drunk on his own lustful desires has the same (573c). The tyrannical soul is seen as enslaved because it desires satisfactions that solely depend on external circumstances. As long as these desires continue to consume the tyrant and are never completely satisfied, the tyrant is least able to do what he wants. By virtue of not being able to do what he wants, the tyrant is full of confusion and disorder. This man is in an awful state and lives only in misery. By showing the development of the tyrant from undisciplined childhood to irrational adulthood, Plato shows his reader the warning signs that accompany such a person. He describes the despots of the ancient world for what they were: lustful men whose bodily appetites reign over their personal lives and the societies unfortunate enough to be at their command. Socrates explains that the only thing worse than the tyrannical soul is the tyrannical soul who goes public and becomes the political tyrant (578c). Socrates continues, The man who is mad and deranged undertakes and expects to be able to rule not only over human beings but gods, too (573c). With this phrase, Socrates begins to show why the reader should be wary of the rise of a political tyrant. He describes how a tyrants rule is bad for those he rules over. Having gotten the idea that he should rule over both men and gods, the tyrant uses this power, once obtained, to satisfy his selfish desires. Feasts, revels, parties, courtesans, and everything else of the sort, are hallmarks of his reign (573d). Such living, however, rapidly depletes his income and resources, and he is then forced to obtain resources from others which consequently becomes to the city. The tyrannical man can only give so much to the people of the city. He will therefore enlist them in necessary and just wars to continue his popularity and to account for the poor economy. These just wars serve to perpetuate the continual need for a tyrant. Because the tyrants actions displease those who helped set him up, he must gradually do away with them until he is left without a friend or foe. Socrates contrasts this to the work of a doctor. A doctor is seen as helpful and needed because he takes off the worst of the body and leaves the rest (567c). However, the tyrant does the opposite, taking off the best and leaving the worst. This is a necessity for him to rule; consequently, he hurts the city. The tyrant, slave to his love, or personal passions, becomes a tyrant over others. He begins to find those with means and seeks to deprive them of it, usually by force. He is addicted to his desires, racked with pains and aches when he cannot fill them (Plato, 263). No one is immune to his wild demands. He will victimize his own parents, claiming he deserves to get the better of his father and mother (574a). If they resist, they will meet the same fate as anyone else who opposes the madman. In short, his childhood of moderation has become a career of chaos. The tyrant is a slave to himself and his desires in the city. The moral of Platos argument is clear. Even a small minority of tyrants can cause trouble within a community. Plato suggests that in times of war, tyrants flock to the battlefront, volunteering their services to distant tyrants as mercenaries and bodyguards (Plato, 264). But in times of peace, they remain at home and comprise a class of lawless criminals. Thieves, burglars, cutpurses, pickpockets, temple robbers, kidnappers, all are tyrants waiting for their chance to take power (Plato, 265). Platos warning to society is to teach temperance and philosophy to the rising generation, so that they do not become tyrants and lead their city into ruin. In an age where democracy was a new and rare commodity, the threat of becoming subject to a tyrant in ancient Greece was very real indeed. Philosophers like Plato tried to discover how the tyrants of the age became so, so that they could avoid coming under their power. Having philosophically defined tyrants as evil and unjust in the realm of philosophy, Plato uses logic in Book IX of The Republic to support the assumption that totalitarian societies, like those of Athenss neighbors, suffer under the reign of such leaders. This argument will later lead to his assertion that philosophers are the best leaders a state can have. Bound by ethics and reason, philosopher-kings would ensure that society is properly educated, supremely tolerant, and, most importantly, true to the ideal of justice that Plato holds dear.

Using GPS to Track a Particular Person Essay -- Global Positioning Sys

Using GPS to Track a Particular Person Introduction Often times its hard to imagine how the world survived without cell phones. Its an automatic response, when you see a car accident you take out your cell phone and dial for help, or when a child is waiting for a ride they will call their parents to see how far away they are. It is a great convenience for society to be able to do such things. Imagine if you didn't even have to call somebody to find out where they were. It may seem like a futuristic idea, humanity being capable of such mind reading; however, the advancement of GPS, global positioning systems, those ideas are coming to life in the present. GPS is a way to track one's position at anytime. This is done through the use of satellites monitored by stations on the ground. There are signals transmitted from a given satellite to the receiver on Earth. It is this information that gives precise location to one's whereabouts. Although this service sounds quite convenient and has its obvious benefits, there are other issues to be considered. For example, many ethical dilemmas that play from privacy issues. In a world when at one time you could take a walk to remove yourself from the eye of another, we not may be under constant supervision of sorts. Tracking devises are easily placed in many things, cell phones, which are used by nearly all people in today's American society, are the recent and most wide spread target for GPS. Is it ethical to track someone through an everyday devices such as a cell phone, is tracking people ethical in itself? These are the questions that must be resolved before we can celebrate the positives of such technological advancements. What is GPS GPS stands for global positioning syste... ...://www.mercat.com/QUEST/HowWorks.htm> 11.<http://www.gpscity.com/gps/brados/0971.1.2743342731310439294/privacy.html> 12.CNet Networks ZDNet. 2003. <http://reviews-zdnet.com.com/AnchorDesk/4520-7298_16- 4208024.html> . 13.How Stuff Works, Inc. 1998-2003. Media Network: A convex company. <http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/gps1.htm> 14. George A. Chidi Jr., Qualcomm turns Cell Phones into GPS Systems. 16 Jan 2002. < http://www.pcworld.com/news/article/0,aid,80085,00.asp> 15.Tsai, Tsungming. Visualizing Terrain and Navigation Data. U.S. Department of Technology, Administration, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2001. 16.Corr, O. Casey. "Money from thin air : the story of Craig McCaw, the visionary who invented the cell phone industry, and his next billion-dollar idea". New York : Crown Business, 2000.

Middle Eastern airline Emirates has appointed Chemistry

Middle Eastern airline Emirates has appointed Chemistry Communications to handle its direct marketing account. The agency replaces DDA and is tasked with developing customer management strategies, as well as other direct activities. Emirates has appointed VCCP and sales promotion agency Gasoline to its roster to work on as-yet unspecified projects. The appointment follows the Dubai airline’s decision to hire Grey London to create a global advertising campaign for its business-class service. Emirates will offer daily non-stop flights between Los Angeles and Dubai on September 1.The new flight runs a distance of 8,339 miles, taking 16 hours and 35 minutes from Dubai to California; the duration of the return flight will be slightly shorter at just under 16 hours.Emirates currently flies twice daily to New York and once daily to Houston.  Emirates is to promote its new Dubai-Sao Paulo service through a digital campaign that will include the longest ad ever.  The advert will al so air on cable TV, allowing it to be recognised as the longest ever by Guinness World Records. Emirates has ended its management contract with Sri Lankan Airlines, fuelling speculation that it may sell its 43.6% stake in the Dubai-based carrier.Emirates has valued its share at $150 million, with Mr Clark saying its purchase would be one â€Å"hell of an opportunity† for a regional carrier  The Emirates Group has posted a 23.5% rise in group net profits to  £500 million backed by a record  £424 million profit at its airline. The government-owned airline added 3 million passengers over the financial year ending 31 March, 2007.  During the 2006-07 financial year Emirates added 12 new Boeing 777-300ER aircraft and launched new services to Nagoya, Tunis, Bangalore and Beijing, while increasing frequency to existing destinations like Dusseldorf and ZurichEmirates Airline, the government-owned Dubai carrier, has reported a 29% increase in year-on-year net profit to AED1.2 b illion ( £171.6 million) for the fiscal first half ended 30 September 2006.  Passenger revenue rose 31% for the period, with the number of passengers increasing 20% to 8.39 million.  Emirates announced that it has launched service to 10 cities since January 2006, with its total network now standing at 87 destinations.Almost four months after its initial announcement that the new A380 superjumbo would suffer launch delays in June 2006, after which point several further postponements have been tabled, Airbus parent company EADS has issued a â‚ ¬4.8 billion profit warning, more than double that mooted when the first problems occurred. The figure works against EADS’ â€Å"baseline plan† for the period between 2006 and 2010, and will be recorded as a shortfall in operating profits.Separately, the A380’s biggest advance order customer, Emirates, which has requested 45 of the total 159 ordered aircraft, has said that as a result of the latest delays, which put the A380’s release at no earlier than August 2008, it is â€Å"reviewing its options.†On 25th October 1985, Emirates flew its first routes out of Dubai with just two aircraft—a leased Boeing 737 and Airbus 300 B4. Then as now, our goal was quality, not quantity, and in the years since taking those first small steps onto the regional travel scene, Emirates has evolved into a globally influential travel and tourism conglomerate known the world over for our commitment to the highest standards of quality in every aspect of our business.Though wholly owned by the Government of Dubai, Emirates has grown in scale and stature not through protectionism but through competition—competition with the ever-growing number of international carriers that take advantage of Dubai’s open-skies policy. Not only do we support that policy, but we see it as vital to maintaining our identity and our competitiveness. After making its initial start-up investment, the Govern ment of Dubai  saw fit to treat Emirates as a wholly independent business entity, and today we are thriving because of it. Our growth has never been lower than 20 per cent annually, and the airline has recorded an annual profit in every year since its third in operation.Continuing our explosive growth while continually striving to provide the best service in the industry is the secret of Emirates’ success. The Emirates Group announced record net profits of Dhs  3.5 billion (US$  942 million) for the financial year ended 31st March 2007. The 28.8 per cent increase in profits versus the previous year speaks  of a  promising future of an airline we feel is greater than the sum of its many parts, which now include: ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   An award winning international cargo division ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A full-fledged destination management and leisure division ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   An international ground-handler ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   An airline IT developer.With a fleet of 113 aircraft, we currently fly to  over 100 destinations in  62 countries around the world, and our network is expanding constantly. Nearly  800 Emirates flights depart Dubai each week on their way to destinations on  six continents. In fact, Emirates' flights  account for nearly 40  per cent of all flight movements in and out of Dubai International Airport, and our aim is to increase this market-share to 70 per cent by 2010 without compromising our reputation for quality.  Toward this end, Emirates has made numerous significant announcements regarding the future of its already state-of-the-art fleet.In 2001, Emirates demonstrated its confidence in the industry’s future growth by announcing the largest order in aviation history, valued at US$15 billion. A staggering 58 new aircraft, a mix of Airbus and Boeing, were to join the rapidly expanding fleet.  In 2005, Emirates announced the largest-ever or der for the Boeing 777 family of aircraft – 42 in all – in a deal worth Dhs 35.7 billion (US$ 9.7 billion).At the 2006 Farnborough Air Show, Emirates signed a Heads of Agreement for 10 of Boeing’s new 747-8F aircraft, to be powered by General Electric’s GEnx jet engines, in a deal worth US$ 3.3 billion.  At the Dubai Airshow in November 2007, Emirates announced a historic civil aviation aircraft order when it signed contracts for a 120 Airbus A350s, 11 A380s, and 12 Boeing 777-300ERs, worth an estimated US$34.9 billion in list prices. The agreement with Airbus comprises firm orders for 50 A350-900s and 20 A350-1000s, plus 50 options for the A350-900s. The first A350 will be delivered to Emirates in 2014.Emirates also firmed up orders on the eight A380s for which it had signed letters of intent earlier this year, and placed firm orders for an additional three of the double-decker aircraft, bringing its total firm order for the A380s to 58.References:http s://www.emirates.com/uk/english/about/history.aspx [Cited 14 March2008]http://academic.mintel.com/sinatra/oxygen_academic/†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..[Cited 14 March2008]https://www.emirates.com/ua/russian/ [Cited 14 March2008] Stephen J. Porth (2003) Strategic Management: A cross- Functional Approach. Second edition Hamel, G. (2002). Leading the revolution: How to thrive in a turbulent time by making innovation a way of life

Aspects of Scientific Translation Essay

1. 5 The translator In the context of translation studies, it is assumed that to do a satisfactory translation, the translator must be aware not only of the texts in hand, but also the physical world and the culture in which the texts are formed initially. This implies that the translator should be acquainted with the everyday life in the source location and that his or her activity is not simply a manipulation of linguistic figures or data. The translator handling medical texts do not have to be trained as doctors, nurses or other medical staff, however it is essential that he or she understands the entire connected implication: the linguistic, medical, social, and also cultural context in which he or she happens to work. This can be done by having sufficient knowledge of the world. Numerous problems occur when doctors and patients use different languages or even different varieties of the same language. It has been rightly pointed out by Tanner that, in addition to emotional and other unrelated aspects, the simplicity of contact in a doctor-patient discourse depends on how well and precisely the parties express themselves. The clarity of speech constitutes an indispensable requirement for appropriate diagnosis and treatment. This is the point at which translation and interpreting come into the picture. Translation is defined by Catfords as: ‘The replacement of the textual material in one language, [the source language] by equivalent textual material in another language, [the target language]’. Despite the fact that the definition is dated in numerous contexts, it still has a bearing on textual materials in the field of medicine, despite of the language pair involved. As hinted, the translator is a kind of creator the moment he or she bridges language gaps and renders a source text in the target language: he or she generates the precise form of the target language message and with the aim of doing so; he or she must be competent in both, source and target, languages. Medical communication has its specific nature. The terminology used in the medical sector, in regards to Catford’s statement, often requires clear renditions and lexical equivalents. This indicates that the translator may come across with the phrases and terms in the source language that exclude an entire transfer of information from the source to the target language. In this case, when patterns or meanings between the languages differ, the term ‘untranslatability’ could be applied. Mohanty observed: ‘the process of transfer is limited in terms of time and space: it is mostly individual; straddling two languages at the same time, this is where we find the phenomenon of untranslatability; it is not part of neither static, nor dynamic texts in the source or target language, but something which turns up exclusively when two language systems meet in the transfer of a text. Untranslatability is part of the process, of the assessment of the process of transfer. ’

Introduction BHP and Rio Tinto are the second and third largest iro Essays

Introduction BHP and Rio Tinto are the second and third largest iro Essays Introduction BHP and Rio Tinto are the second and third largest iro Essay Introduction BHP and Rio Tinto are the second and third largest iro Essay Contractual partnership can convey a batch of advantages, but besides brought along addition in complexness and loss flexibleness. Thereby, need to utilize the choice standards to take a spouse. Rio and BHP form joint venture aims to sharing each other benefits. For these two companies, the direction manner and construction and nature of merchandises were likewise. They are listed on the London stock exchange. Besides, BHP proposed acquisition of Rio in 2008 ( www.accc.gov.au ) that means before JV they have collaborate experience so they can cognize more about each other such as background of company, ways of communicating, capacity, fiscal state of affairs etcaˆÂ ¦ it can easy to formation of JV and minimise hazard of failure. China is the universe s largest importer of Fe ore and BHP-Rio together would account for 80 per centum of Australia s exports of the ore ( www.miningmx.com ) . Even is a major fabrication base for Fe and steel merchandise but they did non bring forth top-quality Fe ore, so they depend on two excavation giants to provide natural stuff ( www.news.bbc.co.uk ) . Therefore, if BHP and Rio JV successful it can keep the Fe ore supply to China stable and enjoy economic of graduated table. Why a joint venture was chosen as the vehicle of co-operation? FDI is the most advanced and complex for foreign market entry ( FME ) scheme, and involves set uping fabrication workss, selling subordinates, or other installations aboard ( Cavusgil, 2008 ) . Rio and BHP is a undertaking based, non-equity venture, which means undertaking with a narrow range and defined timetable, no new company formed ( Cavusgil, 2008 ) . This Domestic joint venture would hold led to Rio and BHP to sharing each other s mines and transit installations. For illustration, can cut downing costs through shorter rail draw and more efficient allotments of port capacity ( imperativeness release, 2009 ) . Besides, the president of Rio Tinto believed that: this joint venture will set up an matchless Fe ore concern with universe category assets and substructure ( imperativeness release, 2009 ) . Rio and BHP can unite the direction, procurance and general operating expense activities into a individual entity ( imperativeness release, 2009 ) . It can merely direction construction and can be adjusted easy. The companies had estimated cost nest eggs of around $ 10bn ( ?6.3bn ) a twelvemonth through the sharing of substructure and forces. ( www.news.bbc.co.uk ) . However, JV has some disadvantages to Rio and BHP. It is because JV did non hold equity committedness. Besides, two companies need to set greater accent on trust, communicating and developing relationship ( Cavusgil, 2008 ) . On the other manus, some of literature identifies many motives to formation JV such as minimise the hazards and costs with market entry, entree to assets and accomplishments, enjoy the economic systems of graduated table and portion the acquisition of cognition ( manner A ; Hersch, 2005 ) . c. What external events gave rise to the chance or force per unit area to work together? Use PESTEL and Porter s Five Force model to analysis the external events give rise BHP and Rio Tinto to the chance or force per unit area to work together. PESETL: Political- high spots the function of authoritiess Regulator opposition may hold played an of import function in the companies determination. In BHP proposed to acquisition Rio, the Australian Government have negative attitude, the authorities inquire this two companies meet the grant which are the authorities provided. Economics- macroeconomic factors such as exchange rates, concern rhythm and differential economic growing rates around the universe. ( Gerry, 2008 ) In 2008 the planetary fiscal crisis has impact the steel and excavation industry ( www.steelorbis.com ) . The economic system and weak demand, iron-ore monetary values should be half their 2008 degrees ( Robert Guy Matthews, 2009 ) . Even fiscal crisis consequence economic around the universe but some of the developed states such as: Brazil, Russia, India and China they are fiscal state of affairs can keep in the turning. Thereby, the demand of Fe ore will once more be taking the growing with an expected addition of 11.1 % for 2008 and 10.3 % for 2009 ( www.worldsteel.org ) . Besides, Fe ore monetary values were mounting rapidly, chiefly because China was devouring more steel and mineworkers had supply concatenation problem-not adequate ports, railwaies and ships-both of which kept supplies scarce ( www.online.wsj.com ) . Porter s Five Force devised by Michael Porter to depict forces that form competition within an industry and aid to place strategic chances and menaces. Vale of Brazil is the merely other chief rival with Rio and BHP ( SJ Berwin, 2010 ) . Dickering power of provider: Australian authorities is a major provider to the Fe ore industry, so the bargaining power is higher. Dickering power of rival: In the planetary market those three providers dominated the Fe ore market which is Vale, Rio and BHP. Vale is the largest provider in the universe. In 2008, Vale to keep 32.8 % portions in the Seaborne Fe ore market and Rio and BHP severally 18.6 % and 17.1 % ( www.worldsteel.org ) . Before JV Vale is the lone one rival for Rio and BHP. If JV successful, Rio and BHP will command about 36 % portions of the seaborne Fe ore market. Thurs, the bargaining power will higher than earlier. Dickering power of purchaser: Iron ore industry the purchaser major purchaser which is China, Japan and Korea, they are dickering power is lower. It is because this industry dominates by 3 major mineworkers. Those purchaser hard to happen others supplier in the market. Question 2 In a planetary market Fe ore dominated by an oligopoly with merely three providers, Vale, Rio Tinto and BHP Billiton ( Moffat,2009 ) . The trade good s monetary value is set in one-year dialogues dominated on the provider side by Rio, BHP and Vale of Brazil, the universe s largest manufacturer ( www.ft.com ) . If the joint venture successful may curtail competition in relation to the cardinal competitory parametric quantities in the seaborne Fe ore markets such as: monetary value, volume and quality ( Moffat, 2009 ) . The follow image can demo large three mineworkers dominate the seaborne Fe ore market: A Shares of Seaborne Iron Ore Market, % A 2006 2007 2008 Valley 36.1 A 36.1 32.8 Rio Tinto 19.0 19.3A 18.6 BHP Billiton 14.2 A 13.8 17.1 Entire 69.3 A 69.2 68.5 Beginning for market portions: Raw Materials Group quoted in UNCTAD Trust Fund on Iron Ore Information Iron Ore Market 2008-2010 , Geneva, June 2009 However, Iron ore is a globally traded commoidty it can linkage with different industry in the economic market such as automotive industry, steel industry etc..so it plays an improtant function in the universe. Rio and BHP signifier JV, many committees come from different state and play different function to against the JV. They aim to guarantee the concern can run reasonably and to undertake unjust competition. In this instance, three states such as China, Japan and Korea have largest respond. China is the largest steelworker in the universe, on this joint venture proposal it would refer about the monetary value of Fe ore control in custodies of the top three Fe ore mineworkers ( David Fickling, 2010 ) . Besides, the Japan Iron and Steel Federation estimates a combined BHP-Rio would command 60 % of the state s Fe ore imports ( www.lowyinterpreter.org ) .Thus, steelworkers in China, Japan and Europe have all opposed the affiliation between the excavation giants, stating the joint venture will lean the planetary Fe ore market further in favor of three manufacturers who already dominate the seaborne Fe ore trade ( www.ft.com ) . Otherwise, The South Korea s FTC said a joint venture would hold reduced competition in the Fe ore market, it is because Rio and BHP would portion the same cost construction, end product volume and quality ( www.bestshippingnews.com ) . Furthermore, Rio and BHP signifier JV this two companies will unite Fe ore production installations in the Pilbara, means that many workers will confront occupation losingss so Australian Government to against this JV ( www.wabusinessnews.com.au ) . Question 3 Definitions of corporate civilization: Meschi and Roger ( 1994 ) when an organisation develops into a MNC, the corporate civilization can hold it basic on the original organisational civilization, or the national civilization, or a combination of two. Two of Australian which is Rio and BHP signifier JV in Australian, in this subdivision usage determiners of organisational to analysis their corporate civilization. National civilization The follow image showed the feature of Australian had higher degree in individuality and lower degree in power distance state ( www.geert-hosfstede.com ) . That means Australians tend to work independently and the direction squad would wish to ask for they are employee to take part in determination devising. Beginning from: www.geert-hofstede.com History of organisation Rio and BHP they develop their concern in different state, so they did non hold pure state civilization. Industry civilization Rio and BHP those two iron ore companies they have similar concern country. Hence, they can portion same value and civilization. Management manner Jacques Nasser the manager of BHP has 33 twelvemonth calling experience in different state such as America. Jan du Plessis the Chairman of Rio besides have career experience in America and British company ( www.riotino.com A ; www.bhpbilliton.com ) . Those two determination shapers have international direction manner so they can utilize the experience to direction their company. Size of organisation Rio and BHP are the MNE, they are concern activities cover different state such as UK, Australian, Brazil etcaˆÂ ¦ Nature of employees Whether educated or accomplishments worker, Rio and BHP is mining industry so the construction did non hold more different, so they required their employee s background is similar. What is dialogue Brian J. Hurn ( 2007 ) acquiring people of different civilizations to see understanding by considered duologue on an in agreement docket. Usunier ( 2003 ) suggested threes aspects of civilization different impacting international dialogue: Negotiation procedure Australian prefers to negociate in a reasonably straightforward and honorable manner ( Katz, 2009 ) . Australian did like being pressured so do non do the concluding offer early in the negotiating procedure and avoid doing more than one time ( Katz, 2009 ) . In the communicating procedure, some of Australians will some they are emotions and positive and negative straight. Besides, they can esteem people who give any thought whether they agree or disagree with them ( Katz, 2009 ) . When Australians make determination they may use cosmopolitan rules instead than sing the specific state of affairs ( Katz, 2009 ) . In outcome orientations, Australians tend to written a item contracts. They can name out elaborate footings and conditions for the nucleus understanding. Behavioral sensitivity of parties Aussies appreciate who has a sense of wit, they prefer the meeting atmosphere is normally really informal ( Katz, 2009 ) . Aussies believe in the dialogue procedure can acquire the win-win state of affairs even in the dialogue procedure two party have struggles, they hope both parties should maintain a positive attitude and show willingness to work with other in an attempt to make understanding ( Katz,2009 ) . Underliing constructs of dialogue In the strategic time-frame, Australian expect they concern spouse to be one clip. They ca nt non accept they spouse tardily more than 10 to 15 proceedingss without holding a sensible alibi ( Katz, 2009 ) . Australian believe in dialogue sharing information is a manner to construct up trust with each other. Besides, in gait of dialogue information and bargaining move swimmingly but the determination devising can be instead slow. That means they prefer use more clip to dialogue with their concern spouse ( Katz, 2009 ) . Base on above analysis, Australian is refers to Universalism and they are emotionality is low context. Two Australian companies which are Rio and BHP when work together, they are facets individualists and the attitude can be overtly competitory. Besides, in the concern dialogue and determination doing procedure they can maintain it swimmingly and harmoniousness. Rio and BHP these two Australian companies did non entree to foreign market to organize JV so it can specify they are a domestic JV. They have same state civilization so their corporate civilization may simplify than other international corporation. In the cooperation phase, when two companies come together to organize JV, the major aim is to larning cognition from their spouse and acquire benefit from the JV. However, in determinates of organisational civilization this two companies the national civilization and industry civilization are similar hence in the execution phase did non play a important function. Rio and BHP signifier JV, senior direction of the entity will be determined jointly on the footing of the best individual for the occupation with loosely equal engagement from Rio Tinto and BHP Billiton. The initial Chairman of the non-executive proprietors council will be Sam Walsh, presently Rio Tinto Chief Executive Iron Ore, and the initial CEO of the production joint venture will be BHP Billiton Iron Ore President, Ian Ashby ( imperativeness release, 2009 ) . In decision, When Rio and BHP JV successful the cardinal forces of the JV will be alteration, the direction manner it may impact the corporation. Therefore, to grantee the good JV execution or operation, these two companies need the best direction accomplishment between two spouses within JV. Question 4 Finance strategic Financial director drama an of import function in the company, is involved in the acquisition and allotment of fiscal resources for the company s current and future activities and undertakings, with the primary aim of maximising the company value ( Cavusgil, 2008, p.581 ) . Besides, in the company the fiscal director demand to concern three major rules fiscal direction accomplishments such as cost of capital and capital construction, methods of funding, currency hazard and revenue enhancement direction. Cost of capital can specify The rates of return that a company has to offer finance suppliers to bring on them to purchase and keep a fiscal security From the company s position cost of capital equal to cost of investing, it is the rate ( % ) that the company needs to pay to the investors and moneymans in order to obtain financess. It is an index for the minimal rate of return ; the company needs to obtain from doing a determination on a new undertaking ( Elteman, 2004 ) . From the finance director s position demand to concern how to minimise the cost of capital, what is the optimum funding construction and which sorts of funding instruments are most effectual and efficient. Before the company makes an investing determination they need to compare the rates of return of investing with the cost of capital of company. If the expected return on the investings is low as compared with the WACC, the investing is obliging. Harmonizing to the survey by Arnold and Hatzopoulos ( 2000 ) , WACC is most normally used by different types of companies, runing from little to big sized, every bit good as those listed companies within the stock index. The construct of Leaden Average Cost of Capital ( WACC ) is used for ciphering the Cost of Investment ( Elteman, 2004, p.301-303 ) . WACC = Calciferol Ten ( r debt ) Ten ( 1- revenue enhancement ) + Tocopherol ten ( r equity ) E+D E+D Base on the hazard of JV different with parent s company so they need to utilize cost of capital to judge the investing. WACC of Rio and BHP did non stand for of cost of capital of the JV, it is because different undertaking will transport different cost of capital it will depend on the degree of hazard. As compare JV with Rio and BHP, the hazard of JV higher than Rio and BHP. It is because JV focuses on individual merchandise but Rio and BHP they focus on diverseness merchandises, so if the monetary value of one merchandise lessening, the others merchandise monetary value it may increase that can minimise the degree of hazard. Normally, have two methods to beginning of funding which are internal and external. The internal beginning of funding includes inter-company loan and transportation pricing. The external beginning of funding includes equity funding and debt funding. Equity funding is the issue of portion of stock to raise capital from investors and the usage of maintained net incomes . Debt funding is the adoption if money from Bankss or other fiscal mediators, or selling corporate bonds to persons or establishments bonds to raise capital ( Cavusgil, 2008 ) . Inter-company loan that means Rio Tinto borrow financess from exterior for JV intent. External financess means JV borrow financess from outside by them self. Use the equity or debt to beginning of funding can hold more advantages and disadvantages. The chief advantage of equity funding is that the house obtains needed capital without incurring debt ; that is, without holding to refund financess to the suppliers at any peculiar clip ( Cavusgil, 2008 ) . The chief disadvantage of equity funding is that the house s ownership is diluted whenever new equity is sold ( Cavusgil, 2008 ) . In the JV, Rio and BHP can utilize different ways to raise equity funding such as direct public portion issue, private arrangement and private equity fund. Rio and BHP they listed stock in Australia and New York market. When they use issue portion in the local market to lift of capital for the JV, they need to see market liquidness refers to the grade which a company issue new securities without take downing the bing market monetary value. If Rio and BHP listing in foreign stock exchange, they can better liquidness of its portions and therefore let bigger market for new portion issues but they need to concern the trading volume in the foreign market. On the other manus, they need to see the asymmetric information. It is because instability information available to different investors in the universe. In the metameric domestic market, usually foreign investor may hold limited information about the domestic companies that discourage the investors to put in those portions ( Elteman, 200 4 ) . In decision, the above determination is merely based on fiscal deductions. However, for a company to affect in long term investing, non merely make up ones mind from the fiscal facets, but besides to see the strategic facet such as growing potency and competition.